In the past two years, the term "industrial software" has been mentioned repeatedly in the market, and even used in various documents, which has become a hot word. Many statements in the market seem to be the definition or elaboration of industrial software, but if you look at it carefully, it is only a subset of "manufacturing information software". Even some well-known software experts are describing much larger "industrial software" in the context of "manufacturing information software". Therefore, there is a very interesting phenomenon in the domestic market. Everyone is talking about industrial software, but it doesn't seem to be the same thing.

      In view of this, the author gives some opinions and conclusions. The author believes that the understanding of industrial software should start from the industry itself.

      I Division of industry and manufacturing

      Industry（Industry）It refers to the work and process of collecting raw materials and processing them into products.

      The classification of industry is a complex process. Generally speaking, it can be divided into heavy industry and light industry according to the product volume.Prepared by the National Bureau of Statistics《China Statistical Yearbook》Heavy industry (including chemical industry) is defined as the industry that provides the main means of production for various departments of the national economy. The definition of light industry is: it mainly provides consumer goods and productionHand toolsIndustry. of courseWe can also separate the chemical industry from the heavy industry and turn it intoHeavy, chemical and lightDivision of. Even under the premise of the continuous development of the new industrial revolution, it includes information technology, biotechnologyThe "high-tech industry" of new material technology has also entered the house and become an important part of industry. At present, this new division has not been seen in official documents.

      Whether it's the traditional "heavy"/Light and heavy/turn/Light "or" heavy "in the future/turn/light/It can be said that the division of industrial category and connotation has been clarified in a relatively simple way, and there is a basically reliable saying. As for the intersection and integration of industrial elements in different categories, we can not discuss it for the time being, and let the development, evolution and innovation of industry itself give the final result.

      In the above industrial category division, heavy industry includes: (1) mining (logging) industry; (2) raw material industry; (3) processing industry.

      Let's look at the scope of manufacturing. If you put“Provide "consumer goods and hand tools"If light industry is included,Domestic“XXEncyclopedia "defines manufacturing industry in this way:" manufacturing industry refers to the industry in which manufacturing resources (materials, energy, equipment, tools, capital, technology, information and manpower, etc.) are transformed into large tools, industrial products and consumer products for people to use and use through the manufacturing process according to the market requirements in the era of mechanical industry. "

      Through the above comparison, it can be seen that there are extractive (logging) industry, raw material industry and energy industry in the industrial category, but these three industrial fields are usually not included in the concept of manufacturing industry. Therefore, the scope of industry includes at least four major industries: manufacturing, mining (logging), raw materials and energy,Industry consists of four major industries: manufacturing, mining (logging), raw materials and energy。

obviously,Manufacturing is a subset of industry. Industry includes manufacturing as well as the other three major industries。

      II Industrial informatization and manufacturing informatization

      A classic definition derived from manufacturing industry: Manufacturing Informatization combines information technology, automation technology, modern management technology and manufacturing technology, which can improve the operation, management, product development and production of manufacturing enterprises, improve production efficiency, product quality and enterprise innovation ability, reduce consumption, and drive the innovation of product design methods and design tools The innovation of enterprise management mode, manufacturing technology and cooperative relationship among enterprises, so as to realize the informatization of product design and manufacturing and enterprise management, the intellectualization of production process control, the NC of manufacturing equipment and the networking of consulting services, and comprehensively improve the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.

      Industrial informatization is a much larger concept. It includes not only the manufacturing informatization mentioned above, but also mining informatization, energy informatization, raw material informatization and other larger fields. Obviously, manufacturing informatization can not be used to generalize and simply replace the content of industrial informatization.

      It should be pointed out that industrial informatization also carries a larger concept, namely "integration of two modernizations". The connotation of the integration of industrialization and informatization refers to the integration of industrialization and informatization, and further refers to the deep integration of industrialization and informatization. Its meaning obviously includes but is not limited to the integration of manufacturing industry and informatization. The integration of industrialization and informatization includes four aspects: technology integration, product integration, business integration and industrial derivation. It is a major ministerial plan promoted by China's Ministry of industry and informatization in recent ten years, and has also produced such problems asChina"Two modernizations"Integrated development reportIntegrated management system and national standardCode for evaluation of integration of informatization and industrialization of industrial enterprisesAnd other important achievements. The integration of industrialization and industrialization is a national industrial development strategy, the foundation of the Ministry of industry and information technology and the "made in China"two thousand and twenty-five》The main direction of attack. In addition, the integration of industrialization and industrialization is not only the top-level constraint of intelligent manufacturing and industrial Internet, but also an important feature of the new industrial revolution, but also a landing yardstick to measure industrial transformation and upgrading.

      In the concept of subordination, industrial informatization must include manufacturing informatization. Similarly, industrial software must include manufacturing information software.

      III Industrial software and manufacturing information software

      Some popular terms or definitions of "industrial software" in the market now lack a lot of content in connotation. Most of them talk about "software for manufacturing purposes", not "software for industrial purposes".

      What people usually sayCAD、CAE、CAM、CAT、CAPPetc.CAXSoftware,PDM/PLM、ERP、MES、MROAnd other familiar software, including relatively small computer-aided testing（CAT）Computer aided innovation（CAI）. reverse engineering（RE）Software, etc. In fact, they can basically be classified as "manufacturing information software", not completely "industrial information software" or "industrial software", because the users of these software are basically manufacturing users.

      When it comes to "manufacturing informatization software", there are many professional software that should be included, such as process system professional software, piping professional software, vessel professional software, electrical professional software, microelectronics professional software, instrument professional software, optical professional software, nuclear reactor professional software, ship design software, physical model modeling softwarePCBandICDesign software, embedded software, etc.

      If the software is extended to other professional fields outside the manufacturing industry, such as building structure professional software, analysis and inspection professional software, environmental protection and energy conservation professional software, building professional software, HVAC professional software, storage and transportation professional software, water supply and drainage professional software, estimation professional software, project management professional software, prediction analysis and measurement software, standards and specifications software Industrial logistics, industrial information services, etc. (I'm sorry I can't list them one by one), are the larger industrial software family.

      In the category of industrial software, it must include software for mining (logging), raw materials and energy industry, and the exploration, measurement and mining of any kind of raw materials/Logging, analysis, processing and testing of raw materials, and management, testing and maintenance of power, gas, water, hydrogen, wind, photovoltaic, biological and other energy are among the industrial software, such as facility design and construction operation and maintenance software, fluid pipeline simulation software, power operation software, oilfield exploration simulation software, reservoir modeling software, steel rolling quality data analysis software, etc, Including the rapidly developing "industrial operating system" (also known as industrial Android and industrial Internet platform), industrialAPPEtc. should also be included in the scope of industrial software.

      We can also refer to the description of industrial software by a foreign professional:“Industrial software is a collection of programs, processes and information used by construction contractors in mining, chemical industry, electric power, oil, natural gas and manufacturing industries。 The functions of industrial software range from evaluation, work cost calculation, construction management and scheduling to highly specialized steel design and other manufacturing process solutions. （english:Industrial software is a collection of programs, processes andinformation for construction contractors in sectors such as mining, chemical,power, oil, gas and manufacturing. Industrial software performs functionsranging from estimating, job costing, construction management and scheduling tohighly specialized solutions for steel design and other manufacturingprocesses.）”Other people's definitions are similar.

      The information and software department of the Ministry of industry and information technology pointed out in the documents related to the development of industrial software industry:Industrial software refers to the software specially used or mainly used in the industrial field to improve the R & D, manufacturing, production management level of industrial enterprises and the performance of industrial equipment。 The definition first defines the big circle of "used in the industrial field". The definition of this big circle is with me“Why is industrial software 'surnamed worker'”Points out in the article“fromobjectiveCome on,All software used for industrial purposes should be called industrial software”Consistent.

      It is worth noting that industrial software does not include those general system software and application software, such as computer operating system, communication software, general database, office software, social software, financial software, etc.

      IV System construction of industrial software

      The classification of industrial software has always been a very complex problem. In the end, it is not easy to distinguish according to industry, function or life cycle.

      Therefore, at present, products are basically named and classified according to the classification of traditional general software at home and abroad, such asCAD、PDM、MESWait. This division also objectively leads to the huge and redundant types and quantity of industrial software. Boeing alone has used thousands of software (it is said to be about 10 million) for every link and every aspect of every process in the whole life cycle of such a complex product as aircrafteight thousandOf which the purchased commercial software isone thousandSpecies. So many commercial and self-use industrial software categories are not easy to learn, understand and master if they lack scientific classification and concise naming, let alone do R & D in the form of "independent control" or "Encore".

      On the other hand, in terms of the right to speak and the confidence of industrial culture, we have always followed the naming habits of foreign countries in many technical fields, including industrial software. We will follow the naming habits of foreign countries, even if the translation is wrong. We have been on the road of imitation and follow for too long, and even formed the habit of worshipping others.

      Based on long-term observation and independent thinking, the author gives a new industrial software architecture diagram, tries to re divide and name some common industrial software. As shown in the figureoneAs shown in. A brief description of each software after reclassification is shown in tableoneAs shown in.    

  chartoneIndustrial software classification diagram

      The industrial software is classified as "industrial software"X"Software" is named in four words, which is concise, easy to understand, clear classification and original in China. If the government can come forward to support and promote such a title as the content of project initiation, bidding and international procurement, I believe it will be widely recognized, disseminated and used in the industry in a few years.

      When we classify industrial software in this way and standardize and promote it in the market, the "track" of industrial software will gradually change from the original industrial software track classified abroad to the industrial software track classified in China. On this basis, there is a naming basis and technical space to consider the event of "lane changing overtaking". If you stay on the original named track, there will be no chance for domestic software to catch up in the visible 20 or 30 years.

      V The dilemma of "English" Name: how to read and write "app"

      With the hot "industry"APP”In terms of the name, the word should be borrowed from the mobile phoneAPPFormed from the terms of. If online retrieval“APP”If so, you will see that the corresponding explanation is often "application,ApplicationAbbreviation for "mobile phone software". The abbreviation is preceded by the word industry, which means "industrial application, industrial application software, similar to mobile phone"APPForm of industrial application software ".

Actually“APP”It is a slightly confusing word. For native English speakers, there are no problems of listening, reading, writing and understanding. But if similar words are mixed in Chinese“APP”Such words as "industry"APP”Such a combination of Chinese and English will cause some problems.

      First of all, it does not meet the national writing and publishing norms. SARFT fromtwo thousand and tenSince, CCTV and other media have been required to block English abbreviations and use Chinese full names instead. Then the General Administration of press and publication issued a similar policy“Restraining order”, it is required that in Chinese publications, it is prohibited to use English words, acronyms and other foreign languages at will. Under the constraints of administrative instructions, there will be fewer and fewer English abbreviations in Chinese in the future. Therefore, the use of such asAPPSuch English abbreviations are undoubtedly a wise choice.

      secondly, recitation is also a problem. For many formal occasions, it is always a little irregular to use mixed pronunciation of Chinese and English. Many ordinary people who have not studied English may not understand the meaning of these English abbreviations.

      Third,“Restraining order”There is a precedent. In many non English speaking countries, foreign abbreviations have been banned in order to maintain the purity of the language.

      Finally, and most importantly, we should gradually establish the confidence of Chinese people in their own industrial culture and gradually get rid of their dependence on English abbreviations. For foreign terms in the industrial field, we should have our own corresponding Chinese translation and Chinese abbreviations for easy understanding and memory.

      Therefore, "industryAPP”, taking the meaning of "industrial application software", it is appropriate for the author to translate it into "engineering application software". Firstly, the term is an all Chinese term, which eliminates the mixing of Chinese and English; The second is to reduce one pronunciation from five to four; Moreover, one character is reduced, from five characters to four characters; Moreover, the simplified Chinese abbreviations do not affect their own meaning. At the same time,Terms that begin with the word "I" and form a group of four words are simple and clear. They can be understood at a glance, which is conducive to memory and communication。

      Vi Summary

      Industry and manufacturing are two concepts and different categories.

      Similarly, industrial software and manufacturing information software are also two concepts and different categories. It is hoped that industrial software can be accurately understood in the future, and the phenomenon of referring to industrial software by manufacturing information software will not appear again.

      This paper gives the definition and classification of Chinese people. This has opened up a new "path" for the development of domestic software in the future. Perhaps this "path" can be wider and wider and become a smooth path in the future.